Polyester-cotton blended fabric

Poly-cotton blended fabric is a variety developed in the early 1960s in China. The fiber has the characteristics of crisp, smooth, fast drying and durable, and is loved by the majority of consumers. Polyester and cotton fabric refers to the polyester fiber and cotton fiber blended fabric both highlights the style of polyester and the advantages of cotton fabric.

Properties of polyester-cotton

The performance characteristics of polyester fiber

As a new type of differential fiber material, polyester fiber has the characteristics of high strength, large modulus, small elongation, good dimensional stability, etc., the fiber texture is soft, good holding force, soft luster, and has a certain core warming effect. Polyester hygroscopic poor, in general atmospheric affinity, moisture recovery rate is only about 0.4%, so pure polyester fabric wearing a stuffy feeling, but its fabric is easy to wash and dry, with "wash can wear" reputation. Polyester has a higher modulus, second only to hemp fiber, excellent elasticity, so the fabric is stiff and wrinkle resistant, dimensional stability, and good shape preservation. Polyester has excellent wear resistance, second only to nylon, but it is easy to pilling, and the ball is not easy to fall off.

Properties of cotton fiber

The cross section of cotton fiber is irregular waist circle, with a middle cavity; The longitudinal end is a closed tubular cell, the middle is thicker, the two ends are thinner, and the natural curl is a special morphological feature of cotton fiber. Cotton fiber is alkali resistant, acid resistant, strong absorption. The moisture regress of cotton fiber under standard condition is 7%~8%, and the ratio of wet strength to dry strength is 1.1-1.15. The strength of cotton fiber is not affected when it is treated at a high temperature of 10℃ for 8h. Cotton fibers decompose at 150 ° C and burn at 320 ° C. The specific resistance of cotton fiber is low, and it is not easy to generate static electricity during processing and use.

The superiority of cotton-polyester blend

It has the advantages of both the style of polyester cotton and cotton fabric, and the elasticity and wear resistance are better in dry and wet conditions, the size is stable, the shrinkage rate is small, and it has the characteristics of tall and straight, not easy to wrinkle, easy to wash and fast drying. And the luster is bright. It feels smooth and crisp. With some elasticity, the crease is not obvious and recovers quickly after hand rubbing. However, it inherits the shortcomings of chemical fiber: the friction is easy to raise hair and knot balls. Polyester cotton blended fabric feel thick soft wear more comfortable, washing does not deform, will not fold, will not shrink.

Here's a look at the comparison between poly-cotton blend and pure cotton:

Note: Fabric (fabric is plain) specification: 1# polyester/cotton 50/50 18.3tex×18.3tex×296×228; 2# Pure cotton 18.3tex×18.3tex×292×226.

Strength elongation (polyester cotton blend > pure cotton) : refer to GBT3923.1-2013 "Textile fabric tensile properties Part 1: Determination of breaking strength and elongation at break strip method" test, clamp distance 200mm, 3 pieces of each warp and weft test.

Wear resistance (polyester and cotton blend > pure cotton) : refer to GBT21196-2007 "Textile Martindale method fabric wear resistance determination Part 1: Martindale wear tester" test, usually depends on the strength of yarn and fiber, elongation and elasticity of the combined properties, and according to the wear degree of the fabric surface or fabric physical properties change assessment.

Pilling (polyester cotton blend < pure cotton) : using GBT48021-2008 "Textile fabric pilling performance determination Part 1: circular trajectory method", the use of nylon brush and abrasives or single abrasives to make fabric pilling and pilling, and then under the specified lighting conditions, the sample after pilling and standard sample comparison, assess the pilling grade.

Polyester-cotton blended fabric is easy to pilling, mainly because cotton fabric fiber strength is low, poor wear resistance, the formation of the fabric surface of the ball or ball is quickly worn off; The chemical fiber and its blended fabric is easy to slip out of the surface of the fabric because of the small adhesion between the fibers, high fiber strength, good elongation, especially good resistance to bending fatigue, torsion fatigue and wear resistance, and once the ball is formed on the surface, it is not easy to fall off quickly.

Crease resistance (poly-cotton blend > pure cotton) : also known as crease recovery, usually expressed in crease recovery Angle. Using the horizontal crease recovery Angle tester, the Angle formed between the two wings is measured after the fabric is pressed for a certain time according to the longitude and latitude, and the crease recovery ability of the fabric is expressed by the measured Angle.

Permeability (poly-cotton blend < pure cotton) : The permeable cup containing distilled water and sealed with fabric sample is placed in a biochemical incubator with constant temperature and humidity. After 1h, the mass change of the permeable cup (including the sample and hygroscopic agent or water) is weighed and the moisture permeability is calculated.

Permeability (poly-cotton blend > pure cotton) : under the specified pressure difference, determine the vertical air flow through the sample per unit time to calculate the permeability of the fabric. This paper refers to GBT5453 "Determination of textile fabric permeability" to determine the fabric flow hole pressure difference, look up the table to get the fabric permeability.

Polyester-cotton and cotton-polyester

"Polyester cotton" and "cotton polyester", the order of the two words becomes two different fabrics.

"Polyester cotton" (TC) fabric means that the composition of polyester is more than 50%, and the composition of cotton is less than 50%;

Advantages: The luster is brighter than pure cotton cloth, feel smooth, crisp, not easy to wrinkle, and the higher the composition of polyester fabric is not easy to wrinkle.

Disadvantages: skin friendly is not as comprehensive, wearing no comprehensive fabric comfort.

"Cotton polyester" (CVC), on the contrary, means that the composition of cotton is more than 50% and the composition of polyester is less than 50%, also known as CVC varieties.

Advantages: The luster is slightly brighter than pure cotton cloth, the cloth surface is flat, clean without yarn head or impurities. Feel smooth, crisp, wrinkle-resistant than the whole cotton.

Disadvantages: skin friendly is not as comprehensive, wearing no comprehensive fabric comfort.

How to quickly judge the composition proportion of polyester-cotton blended fabric

1. Observe the appearance, we all know that polyester is a chemical fiber, the surface is smoother than cotton and the reflective surface is larger, therefore, the surface of polyester cloth is smooth, there is a chemical fiber luster, relatively speaking, the whole cotton cloth is more matte, the whole polyester cloth and the whole cotton cloth is relatively easy to distinguish. And now the production of polyester cotton blended cloth, yarn is made of polyester staple fiber and cotton blended, one of the purposes is to make this polyester cotton with a cotton appearance, "false" is more difficult to judge. If it is polyester-cotton grey cloth, the more cotton on the cloth, the more yellow the color, the higher the cotton composition.

2. Feel difference, polyester cloth has a smooth, straight and cold feeling, while cotton cloth has a soft and easy to fold warm feeling, as above, cotton content is higher polyester cotton staple fiber blended cloth, it is difficult to accurately judge by feel alone.

3. Calculate the proportion of components through specifications

Before we learned how to calculate the theoretical weight calculation formula of polyester cotton woven fabric, if the fabric is warp and polyester weft all cotton or warp and cotton weft all polyester, you can calculate the theoretical proportion of polyester cotton composition through the formula. For example: 30*200D/120*60 twill, 200D converted to D count is 5315/200=26.6S

Theoretical weight of cloth = warp weight + weft weight

=0.1* (warp density /2.54) * (583.1/ warp count)

+0.1* (weft density /2.54) * (590.5/ weft count)

=0.1* (120/2.54) * (583.1/30)

+0.1* (60/2.54) * (590.5/26.6)

= 91.8 + 52.4

=144.3 g /㎡

It can be concluded that the cotton content =91.8/144.3=63.6%

Similarly, this method can be extended to other woven fabrics with different warp and weft materials.

4. Combustion method, this is the main method of determining the composition and proportion of polyester cotton, here are two concepts, the first is to judge the composition, the second is to judge the proportion of components. Obviously it is difficult to judge the proportion of ingredients. The proportion is determined by the two poles analysis method and the contrast analysis method.

First of all, we first look at the performance characteristics of the burning of cotton and polyester cloth are what, then the various characteristics of the burning of the polyester and cotton blended cloth in the middle must be biased in the middle of the performance characteristics of cotton and polyester cloth, so as to judge the approximate proportion.

Then, through comparative analysis, the proportion of components is further determined. That is, take a known proportion of cloth together and compare the combustion, you can more accurately judge the proportion. The polyester/cotton 65/35 blended cloth we produce and sell has been tested by a third party, and the actual ratio is 65.5/34.5 polyester/cotton, which can be used as a comparison reference. The proportion of conventional varieties on the market is mostly poly-cotton 40/60, 45/55, 65/35, 80/20 and other fixed specifications, so it will be easier to judge.

So what characteristics do we look for when we burn,

First: Smoke, the smoke generated by the burning of non-dyed cotton cloth is black smoke or white smoke, and the polyester cloth is black smoke. The polyester and cotton blended cloth is black smoke accompanied by black floc, the higher the content of polyester, the more black the smoke, the less floc.

Picture polyester-cotton burning with black smoke

Second: Smell, the whole cotton cloth is burning paper smell, the whole polyester cloth pungent burning glue smell, and the polyester cotton blended cloth is also pungent burning glue smell.

Third, the burning speed and state, the whole cotton is flammable, and continues to be accompanied by hidden burning Mars after extinguishing, the whole polyester cloth is refractory, hot melt drop fire, no Mars after extinguishing. The poly-cotton blended cloth is between the two, the more bright Mars appear when burning, the larger the area, the longer the time accompanied by Mars hidden combustion after extinguishing, the more cotton is contained.

Pure cotton combustion

Fourth, the burning residue, the non-dyed cotton cloth is gray and white ash, which melts at a touch, and the polyester cloth is hard black caked, and the surface is smooth. Polyester-cotton blended cloth is between the two, there are black hard, the surface is not smooth, crushed but not completely open, the more polyester, the harder the residue, the smoother the surface.

Observe the above aspects and standard polyester cotton 65/35 or a known ratio, you can judge the approximate composition ratio.